Here is an example of a systematic literature review, published in a recent issue of the journal, Biodiversity & Conservation.
Maharjan, A., Maraseni, T., Allen, B.L. et al. A systematic literature review: Trends and current state of research on Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), 2010–2022. Biodivers Conserv 33, 1871–1894 (2024). https://doi-org.pugetsound.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s10531-024-02856-3
Using the PRISMA-Search checklist as a framework, try to answer the following questions:
1. What is the scope of this systematic review?
2. Which databases were searched?
3. What were the search terms used?
4. Were any other search strategies used, and if so, what were they?
5. What are the limitations of this systematic review?
PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is a set of guidelines and a 27-item checklist to help scholars report systematic reviews and meta-analyses transparently and completely, ensuring replicability and facilitating evidence-based decision-making.
The PRISMA-Search Checklist focuses specifically on the documentation of your search strategy and search process as you look for literature on your topic. It consists of sixteen items, divided into four categories:
The Prisma-Search Checklist can be incorporated into your synthesis matrix, or you can use it separately. The important point is to keep records on where you searched and how you searched.
While the PRISMA-S checklist helps you document what and how you search, the synthesis matrix is designed to help you document the content of what you find:
When you have completed your synthesis matrix, you will be able to visually grasp trends, methodologies, and areas of agreement and disagreement.
